Peculiarities of idioms in English language, Алматы
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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1. IMPORTANCE OF THE IDIOMS IN THE LANGUAGE
1.1 Idiom, general characteristics
- Idioms versus collocations
CHAPTER 2. IDIOMATIC CLASSES
2.1 Inner structure of idiomatic classes
2.2 Peculiarities in idiomatic expressions
CHAPTER 3. PRACTICAL RESEARCH OF USING PHRASEOLOGICAL COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS
3.1 Aims and tasks of the practical research
3.2 Research of idiom’s structure
CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
GLOSSARY
INTRODUCTION
The theme of the research paper is “Peculiarities of idioms in English language”.
Idiom is a phrase or expression whose total meaning differs from the meaning of the individual words. For example, to blow one's top (get angry) and behind the eight ball (in trouble) are English- language idioms. Idioms come from language and generally cannot be translated literally (word for word). Foreign language speakers must learn them just as they would learn vocabulary words.
It is generally accepted that interpreters did not know much about the laws and rules of translation at the dawn of civilization. They did not have enough scientific knowledge, and some writers maintained later that translation was a problem which could never be solved (e.g., "All translation seems to me to be simply an attempt to solve an insoluble problem." W. von Humboldt).
But life went on, and people wanted to communicate (they wanted to be good neighbors in those times, too) and take it or leave it they had to interpret and had to translate. But still their translations were not without shortcomings and even left much to be desired.
And now, while the British scientist Theodore Savory says, in an effort to convince his colleagues, that "...both in the original and in translation, the matter is more important than the manner".[1] Russian writer Korney Chukovsky records: "The translator's aspiration for achieving semantic and stylistic identity of translation and the original is a lasting gain of our culture." An interpreter may say that translation is a bridge for mutual understanding among nations and that one has to know the laws and rules of engineering as well as to have the proper material for its construction at hand. [2] Nowadays English is worth not just knowing, but it is worth really knowing. There is a great importance to understand up-to-date English. English is the chief language of international business and academic conferences, and the leading language of international tourism. English is the main language of popular music, advertising, home computers and video games. Most of the scientific, technological and academic information in the world is expressed in English. International communication expends very fast. The English language becomes the means of international communication, the language of trade, education, politics, and economics. People have to communicate with each other. It is very important for them to understand foreigners and be understood by them. In this case the English language comes to be one but very serious problem. A word comes to be a very powerful means of communication but also can be a cause of a great misunderstanding if it is not clearly understood by one of the speakers.
Idioms come to be a very numerous part of English. Idioms cover a lot of drawbacks of the English language and it is one-third part of the colloquial speech.
The object of the work is the process of using phraseological units and idioms.
The subject of the work is peculiarities of idioms in the English language.
The hypothesis of the work is as following: if we develop awareness of using idiomatic sentences, we are sure to bring them closer to the authentically sounding speech.
The objective of the work is an attempt to study the aspects of idioms, the cases of their usage the frequency of idioms usage referring to English and Russian.
To achieve the set aim we determine the following tasks:
1. to classify idioms;
2. to study the problem of the translation of idioms;
3. to understand the aim of the modern usage of idioms;
4. to distinguish different kinds of idioms;
5. to analyze the frequency of idioms' usage referring to English and Russian.
For gaining the mentioned aim we used the following methods:
1. description;
2. observation;
3. critical study of scientific literature and fiction;
4. comparison and contrast.
Scientific novelty is concluded in the comparison of two languages, belonging to different language families.
Theoretical value consists in revealing the fact that idioms can't and mustn't be translated directly as such a branch of language as idioms are inseparably connected with nation's mentality and mode of life.
The practical value consists in the fact that the present work is a valuable manual for specialists concerned with teaching English and for those who study English and can be used as a teaching guide for stirring up idiomatic sentences. The results of the investigation are aimed at raising the quality of translations and preventing mistakes in comprehension.
Structurally the presented work consists of: introduction, three parts, conclusion, bibliography and glossary.
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